Sports team Essay Example for Free

Sports team Essay The sale of sports related memorabilia has become one of the biggest retail industries. However, it has also become one of the hardest to manage and control, legally and creatively (World Intellectual Property Rights Organization [WIPRO] 2007b). This has become particularly apparent in Boston, home of one of the most popular sports team, the Boston Red Sox, despite significant efforts to control the production and distribution of goods bearing their logos and trademarks. Some argue that the proliferation and sale of these items are self-expression and that they have contributed significantly to the popularity of the team (Grimaldi, 2007). However, this compromises the value of authentic memorabilia, the ability or government to protect consumer rights and commercial laws and the intellectual property rights of the teams. The protection of these stakeholders requires that vendors have the proper license both from the government and sports teams, which in the case of the Boston Red Sox, through Major League Baseball (MLB) authorities. In doing so both parties will be able to monitor the merchandise being commercialized and collect the taxes and royalties due them respectively (Tozzi, 2003). In turn, buyers are ensured of the authenticity, quality and safety of the products they are purchasing with full backing of civil and criminal statutes. WIPRO (2007a) notes that that this will also help alleviate the price of sports memorabilia because the price of genuine products will not be beefed up in order to compensate for unauthorized products. At the same time, the unlicensed vendors compromise the rights of legal retailers who bear the burden of licensure fess, taxation and regulation (Grimaldi, 2007). The effect of the lack of proper vendor licensing in Boston is not limited to commercial regulation. It also impacts the protection of consumer and intellectual property rights. It provides neither the movement the means to monitor or control the proliferation of knock-offs and consumers or sports organizations the means to bring action against violators. Thus, it is important that vendors have the proper license to sell so that all parties, sports teams, consumers and vendors alike, can enjoy full benefits of the law and not compromise each others rights. References Grimaldi, Paul (2007). The business of baseball. Projo Online, October 27. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from http://www. projo. com/business/content/BZ_MLB_GEAR_10-27-07_KF7L00S_v20. 2551554. html Tozzi, John (2003). Red Sox and BRA agree on Yawkey Way. The Daily Free Press, January 22. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from http://media. www. dailyfreepress. com/media/storage/paper87/news/2003/01/22/News/Red-Sox. And. Bra. Agree. On. Yawkey. Way-349123. shtml World Intellectual Property Rights Organization (2007a). Enforcement Advisory Body Examines Criminal Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights. WIPO Press Room, November 5. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from http://www. wipo. int/pressroom/en/articles/2007/article_0082. html World Intellectual Property Rights Organization (2007b). International Conference Underlines Role of IP in the Creative Industries. WIPO Press Room, October 31. Retrieved November 6, 2007, from http://www. wipo. int/pressroom/en/articles/2007/article_0080. html

Global Warming is Real Essay example -- Environment Environmentalism

Imagine the world in fifty to one hundred years. Because of global warming, it might not be the world most people would think. Many scientists and environmentalists talk on ways reverse global warming. Global warming causes the polar ice caps to melt, record high temperatures, and many other things. Global warming is starting to change the world in actuality, but humanity has no one but themselves to blame, as there are many ways to fight global warming in which benefit not only the environment, but the individual that helped support the cause. In some parts of the world, there are already signs of climate change altering the way people live and the world itself. One big example of this happening is that temperatures have dramatically changed in the last one hundred-twenty years, since the Industrial Revolution. Some people (especially government personnel) may deny this, but the polar ice caps are melting. No denying it, the Arctic and Antarctic ice packs are melting. Proof of this is in one of CNN?s articles from ?Planet in Peril?. Two years ago, Explorer Dennis Schmitt fo...

Bureaucracyr & Organizational

According to Max Weber, ‘Bureaucracy’ means a centrally directed, systematically organized and hierarchically structured staff devoted to the regular, routine and efficient carrying out of large-scale administrative tasks according to policies dictated by, rulers or directors standing outside and above the bureaucracy. Such a staff, as Weber rightly saw, tends to become rule-bound, functionally specialized, elevating impersonality and esprit de corps.But ‘bureaucracy’ has also meant the opposite of organizational efficiency and effective centralized control: red tape, slowness of procedure, reluctance to take a decision, the unnecessary multiplication of people, rules and forms — a connotation achieved by singling out for attention unfavourable secondary features or tendencies of bureaucratic structures. The term ‘bureaucracy’ has been included in, but also contrasted with, the more general concept of administration.Sometimes this is done by seeing bureaucracy as a formal and impersonal mode of administration, sometimes by seeing bureaucracy as that form of administration where administrators (the bureaucrats, the officials) have become the real rulers, arrogating to themselves privilege, power and control. An Organizational structure defines how job tasks are formally divided, grouped and coordinated. The main elements to consider while designing an organizational structure are Work Specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization and formalization.The most common Organizational designs found in use are ? Simple or Flat structure ? The Bureaucracy ? The Matrix structure ? The Team Structure ? The Virtual Organization ? The Boundaryless Organization The paper discusses the major advantages of all the above designs and all are compared with bureaucracy and the real contribution of bureaucracy is arrived at the end of discussion. Then the role of bureaucracy i n improving the efficiency of the organization is elucidated. The impact of a low level bureaucracy is then discussed and its role in efficiency is discussed.Then the impacts of high level bureaucracy are discussed. Finally, the paper concludes by stating that a moderate level of bureaucracy is good for increasing the efficiency of the organization. Advantages and Disadvantages of various Organizational designs The simple structure is characterized by a low degree of departmentalization, wide spans of control, authority centralized in a single person, and little formalization. The strength of the simple structure lies in its simplicity. It’s fast, flexible and inexpensive to maintain and accountability is clear.One major weakness is that it is difficult to maintain in anything other than a small organization. The decision making becomes slow as the organization grows in size because of its low formalization and high centralization. A bureaucracy is characterized by highly rou tine operating tasks achieved through specialization, much formalized rules and regulations, tasks that are grouped into functional departments, centralized authority, narrow spans of control, and decision making that follows the chain of command.The primary strength of bureaucracy lies in its ability to perform standardized activities in a highly efficient manner. One of the major weakness of this structure is that it causes departmental conflicts and highly inflexible always following the rules. There is no room for modification The Matrix structure is characterized by dual lines of authority and combines product and functional departmentalization. IBM adopts a modified version of the matrix structure in its overall operations.The strength of this structure lies in its ability to facilitate coordination and efficient allocation of specialists. The major disadvantage lies in the confusion it creates, its prosperity to foster power struggles, and the stress it places on individuals. The Team structure uses teams as the central device to coordinate work activities. Companies like DaimlerChrysler, Saturn, Motorola and Xerox have made extensive use of self managed teams to improve productivity at the operational level. In smaller companies, the team structure can define the entire organization.For instance, Imedia, a 30 person marketing firm in New Jersey is completely organized around teams. This structure is highly unsuitable for large companies. A Virtual organization is a small core organization that out sources major business functions. Ancle Hsu and David Ji run a virtual organization. Their firm, California based Apex Digital, is one of the world’s largest producers of DVD Players, yet the company neither owns a factory nor employs an engineer. They contract everything out to firms in China. This is suitable for small and large organizations.The major advantage is the flexibility and the disadvantage is lack of managerial control in key aspects of b usiness. The Boundaryless organization is an organization that seeks to eliminate the chain of command, have limitless spans of control, and replace departments with empowered teams. The discussion of various organizational designs indicates the flexibility and adaptable nature of other designs compared to Bureaucracy. This also reveals that in most situations, Bureaucracy is good when the weaknesses of the designs are studied. Role of Bureaucracy in improving the efficiency of the organizationThe Primary strength of bureaucracy lies in putting like specialties together in functional departments results in economics of scale, minimum duplication of personnel and equipments, and employees who have the opportunity to talk â€Å" the same language† among their peers. Further more, bureaucracy can get by nicely with less talented – and hence, less costly middle and lower level managers. The pervasiveness of rules and regulations substitutes for managerial discretion. Stand ardized operation, coupled with high formalization, allow decision making to be centralized.There is little need therefore, for innovative and experienced decision makers below the level of senior executives. This drastically cuts costs for the enterprise and improves the efficiency level drastically by obtaining high levels of economies of scale and spending less on employees. The bureaucracy is efficient only as long as employees confront problems that they have previously encountered and for which programmed decision rules have already been established. Impact of a low level of bureaucracy A low level of bureaucracy results in huge lack of control.Employees are at their will and decision making becomes a very cumbersome task. There will be a lot of outstanding orders and the work schedule will be way below the expected level. This considerably decreases the efficiency of the organization. In very rare cases, employees take up responsibility and achieve targets. Impact of a high l evel of bureaucracy A high level of bureaucracy is highly detrimental to the growth of the organization. This makes the employees to develop job insecurity and they feel to be continuously monitored.High level of bureaucracy is characterized by issuing orders and a logic to follow. There will be a lot of unwanted works and precious time will be spent in duplication of the same work in various levels of the organization. This curbs innovation and creativity leading to routine jobs and eventually leads to employee boredom. There will be no sort of an employee involvement in this situation. Employees work for long hours but the output will be way below the standards and there will be no motivation mechanisms to support the employees. This finally results in employee turnover.So, a high level of bureaucracy is to be avoided as it may arouse the employees against the management of the company. Weakness of Bureaucracy One of the major weaknesses of a bureaucracy is illustrated in the foll owing dialogue between four executives in one company: â€Å"Ya Know, nothing happens in this place until we produce something, â€Å"said the production executive. Wrong commented the research and development manager, â€Å"Nothing happens until we design something†. â€Å"What are you talking about? † asked the marketing executive. â€Å"Nothing happens here until we sell something†.Finally, the exasperated accounting manager responded, â€Å"It does not matter what you produce, design, or sell. Now one knows what happens we tally up the results! † This conversation points at the fact that specialization creates subunit conflicts. Functional unit goals can override the overall goals of organization. The other major weakness of a bureaucracy is something dealing with the people who work in these organizations: obsessive concern with following the rules. When cases arise that do not precisely fit the rules, there is no room for modification. ConclusionB ureaucracy is efficient to the organization only when a moderate level exists. Both a low level of bureaucracy and a high level of bureaucracy will result in the inefficient operation of the enterprise without fully utilizing the resources of the company. A moderate level of bureaucracy will ensure that control mechanisms are in place and that employees are achieving their targets. This also allows the restriction of imposing rules and procedures to the employees and causing boredom. When a saturation point is reached, bureaucracy contributes greatly to improving the efficiency of the organization to a great level.Reference: †¢ Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, Tenth Edition, Prentice Hall of India. Pg. 425-446, Pg. 523-535. †¢ Garry Dessler, Human Resource Management, Eastern Economy edition. Pg 465-479. †¢ Randy L. Desimone, Jon M. Werner and David M. Harris, Human Resource Development, Pearson education. Pg. 225 – 239 †¢ Cummings & Worley, Or ganization Culture and Change , 2005, page 490 †¢ Merril Ewert D and Jennifer A King Rice. 2002 October. Managing Diversity: HRM Review. †¢ http://www. hrmguide. co. uk/history/classical_organization_theory. htm

Donald Trump in the United States - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1350 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/04/08 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Donald Trump Essay Did you like this example? Donald John Trump, current President of the United States, is simultaneously a know-it-all and a know-nothing. He claims to have the highest IQ, but his words and actions prove the exact opposite. Acting and speaking on impulse, Trump has made outrageous allegations, fired off personal insults, and vocalized unapologetic sexism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Donald Trump in the United States" essay for you Create order He is a man who is far more concerned with himself and his own personal gains, rather than with the ultimate well-being of the nation. Furthermore, President Trump has issued nuclear annihilation threats to other nations, such as Iran, through Twitter. Twitters policy states that the act of threatening violence to another being is a severe violation. However, the social media company seems to make an exception when it comes to President Donald Trump. In January, Twitter published a public blog post stating that blocking a world leader from Twitter or removing their controversial tweets would hide important information people should be able to see and debate, (Fiegerman). Despite his unacceptable manners, Trump has, shockingly, offered something unique   and possibly beneficial   to the United States of America. Supporters of Trump have a hard time admitting to things he has done wrong, while those who despise him cannot bring themselves to acknowledge the good he has done. However horrible of a person Trump has proven himself to be, he has managed to get a sizable amount accomplished in his year and a half of holding office. The President has successfully held a meeting with one of the worlds most rogue leaders, North Koreas Kim Jong Un, brought unemployment down to to just 3.9% the lowest it has been since 2000, and formally recognized Jerusalem as Israels capital. However, his most prominent and impactful improvements have been with the economy. There is no doubt that our financial system is thriving under Trump much more than previous Presidents, with African-Americans experiencing the lowest unemployment rate in history as well as increasing our economic growth to 4.1% annually (Ambrose). While Trumps Cabinet is full of successful businessmen, such as Department of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin, their roles as heads of the worlds most powerful country could be anything but. Over five members of his Cabinet posses little-to-no governmental experience, which is nothing short of alarming given their top-dog positions. The most notable major legislation passed by President Trump has undoubtedly been the Republican tax overhaul, dubbed Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Despite this major achievement, the majority of laws passed during the Trump administration thus far has been repealing Obama-era rules and modifying existing regulations. As far as plans to implement more laws before his term comes to an end go, President Trump has only spoken of enacting a short-term health plan, cheaper than Obamas Affordable Care Act. In regards to foreign relations, Trump is mostly disliked world-wide. However, he has attempted and seemingly successfully mended relationships with Russia and North Korea, holding separate meetings with the two leaders. Nevertheless, whether this newfound friendship is good for our country is up for debate. In England, according to surveys conducted by polling organization YouGov, only 11% of British citizens believe Trump is a great president, while 67% think he is a terrible president (Curtis). Needless to say, Trump did not receive a warm welcome when he flew in to the United Kingdom for a working visit. Furthermore, after posting a seemingly racist tweet online over South African land and farm seizures and the killing of farmers, the country accused President Trump of igniting further racial divisions and expressed their disappointment to the U.S. charge daffaires, Jessye Lapenn. Trump has proven that he is not afraid to meet with the harshest of leaders around the world. Still, Trumps temperament, judgement, and own personal opinions seem to get the best of him. On November 27 of 2017, Donald Trumps official twitter retweeted a graphic anti-Muslim video (Merica), just after using a racial slur in front of a group of Native American war heroes (Mercia, At a Navajo Veterans). After multiple of these blunders, Trump seemingly has no filter whatsoever, which can and will get him and therefore the whole country into a heap of trouble. Additionally, he has virtually zero respect for women. In an interview with Access Hollywood, Trump states, You know, Im automatically attracted to beautiful   I just start kissing them. Its like a magnet. Just kiss. I dont even wait. And when youre a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. (Claire). It should come as no surprise then that President Trump was surveyed to be our nations most controversial President, for obvi ous reasons. As we proceed further and further along in his Presidency, more and more citizens speak of their distrust in Trump, along with announcing their knowledge of Trumps variations of the truth. Even former President Jimmy Carter has spoken about Trump, stating that he think(s) its well-known that the incumbent president is very careless with the truth, (Former President Jimmy Carter). In fact, as his presidency wears on, Trumps inclination for saying false things is increasing, as he now averages more than eight untruths a day. As of October 30th, just 649 days into Presidency, Trump has publicly carried out 6,420 false claims (In 649 Days) Of these claims, his supporters are likely to believe and trust in all but few of them, not bothering to put forth the effort required to research his spoken facts (Cillizza). Additionally, In the results of multiple surveys, Trump has consistently been ranked as our nations worst President, ranking lower than any previous leader (Eady, S. Vaughn, and Rottinghaus). Ever since Donald Trump was sworn in as President of the United States, America has been in a state of anxiety. It is the opinion held by the majority of U.S. citizens that the President and those who hold governmental positions should be required to deliver only facts and truth to the public. Many individuals would much prefer a blunt and truthful President over one who sugarcoats and fabricates stories to their audience. The people, as voters and listeners, need to be made fully aware of the political affairs taking place in order to ensure the politicians they are electing into office are logical and trustworthy. It comes as no shock that Trump has made many mistakes not only in his Presidential career but also in his personal life. However, in a rather unique and unexpected way, Donald Trump has brought stability to our nation economically. It is the hope of the citizens from all 50 states that Trump continues to minimize his national blunders, while maximizing our countrys poten tial. Works Cited Fiegerman, Seth. Twitter Explains (again) Why it Wont Block Trump. 5 January, 2018. https://money.cnn.com/2018/01/05/technology/twitter-block-trump-world-leaders/index.html Curtis, Chris. Plurality of Britons Once More Support a Trump State Visit. 6 February, 2018. https://yougov.co.uk/topics/politics/articles-reports/2018/02/06/plurality-britons-once-again-support-trump-state-v Merica, Dan. White House Defends Anti-Muslim Trump Tweets, Says it Doesnt Matter if Videos Are Real. 29 November, 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2017/11/29/politics/trump-anti-muslim-tweets/index.html Merica, Dan. At a Navajo Veterans Event, Trump Makes Pocahontas Crack. 28 November, 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2017/11/27/politics/trump-pocahontas-navajo-code-talkers/index.html Claire, Marie. These Donald Trump Quotes Might Explain Why Someone Destroyed His Hollywood Star. 26 July, 2018. https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/entertainment/people/donald-trump-quotes-57213 Cillizza, Chris. Donald Trumps Absolutely Mind-Boggling Assault on Facts is Actually Picking up Steam. 13 September, 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/13/politics/donald-trump-truth-facts-lies/index.html Former President Jimmy Carter: Trump is Very Careless With The Truth. 28 August, 2018. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/jimmy-carter-on-donald-trump-the-incumbent-president-is-very-careless-with-the-truth/ In 649 Days, President Trump Has Made 6,420 False or Misleading Claims. 30 October, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-claims-database/?utm_term=.e6ada1e812a9 Ambrose, Jay. It is Amazing What President Trump Has Done for the Economy. 3 August, 2018. https://www.bdtonline.com/opinion/columns/it-is-amazing-what-president-trump-has-done-for-the/article_b490090e-0b4b-58fb-a1f3-14ab72f4a776.html Eady, Gregory, S. Vaughn, Justin, Rottinghaus, Brandon. Comparing Trump to the Greatest and the Most Polarizing Presidents in US History. 20 March, 2018. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2018/03/20/comparing-trump-to-the-greatest-and-the-most-polarizing-presidents-in-u-s-history/ Rottinghaus, Brandon, S. Vaughn, Justin. How Does Trump Stack Up Against the Best   and Worst   Presidents? 19 February, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/19/opinion/how-does-trump-stack-up-against-the-best-and-worst-presidents.html